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Research Library

Schema Science Resource Center

Explore peer-reviewed research, clinical studies, systematic reviews, and implementation resources on schema therapy and schema-informed approaches. This library includes foundational theory, clinical outcome studies, delivery-format research, and emerging applications in digital support, mood disorders, and forensic settings.

Some resources address psychotherapy, personality disorders, and clinical populations. This page is educational and should not be read as medical advice or as a substitute for therapy, diagnosis, or treatment from a qualified professional.

Featured research

Start here

Three studies that anchor the rest of the library.

Randomized clinical trialLink out

Group and Individual Schema Therapy for BPD

A multicenter randomized trial comparing predominantly group schema therapy, combined individual and group schema therapy, and treatment as usual for borderline personality disorder.

Randomized trialBPDGroup therapyTreatment format
ReviewPDF

Dropout in Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders

A review focused on dropout across schema therapy studies, including a weighted mean dropout rate across the studies reviewed.

Downloadable PDFDropoutImplementationPersonality disorders
Observational studyPDF

Digital Schema Therapy Support for BPD

A study of priovi, an eHealth program based on schema therapy, used alongside individual face-to-face schema therapy for borderline personality disorder.

Downloadable PDFeHealthBPDDigital tools
Full library

Browse the research

Filter by topic, evidence type, or access. Cards link out to publishers, PubMed records, or local downloadable PDFs.

Evidence base and theory

Start here for foundational research on schema therapy theory, the schema mode model, and the broader evidence base.

ReviewLink out

Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders: Core Review

A foundational review of schema therapy for personality disorders, including the schema mode model, treatment variants, and future research directions.

ReviewPersonality disordersSchema modes
Systematic reviewLink out

Systematic Review of the Schema Therapy Evidence Base

A systematic review of the schema therapy evidence base, useful as a broad overview of clinical evidence and future research needs.

Systematic reviewEvidence baseResearch overview
Systematic reviewLink out

Does Schema Therapy Change Schemas and Symptoms?

A systematic review examining whether schema therapy reduces early maladaptive schemas and improves symptoms across mental health disorders.

Systematic reviewSchemasSymptomsFull text
HandbookLink out

The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Schema Therapy

A book-level foundational reference on schema therapy theory, research, and practice.

HandbookTheoryPractice

Clinical outcomes and efficacy

Research on clinical outcomes, comparative effectiveness, and the efficacy of schema therapy across personality disorder populations.

Randomized clinical trialLink out

Group and Individual Schema Therapy for BPD

A multicenter randomized trial comparing predominantly group schema therapy, combined individual and group schema therapy, and treatment as usual for borderline personality disorder.

Randomized trialBPDGroup therapyTreatment format
Randomized controlled trialLink out

Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders: Multicenter RCT

A multicenter trial comparing schema therapy with clarification-oriented psychotherapy and treatment as usual for several personality disorders.

Randomized trialPersonality disordersClinical outcomes
Randomized controlled trialLink out

Group Schema Therapy for BPD

A randomized controlled trial of schema-focused group psychotherapy for outpatients with borderline personality disorder.

BPDGroup therapyRandomized trial
Randomized trialLink out

Schema-Focused Therapy vs. Transference-Focused Psychotherapy

A landmark trial comparing schema-focused therapy and transference-focused psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder.

BPDComparative studyRandomized trial
Systematic review and meta-analysisLink out

Efficacy of Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders

A 2023 review and meta-analysis evaluating schema therapy for personality disorders.

Meta-analysisPersonality disordersClinical outcomes

Delivery, retention, and implementation

Practical research on how schema therapy is delivered, retained, and implemented in clinical settings.

Pilot studyLink out

Combined Group and Individual Schema Therapy for BPD

A pilot study examining a combined group and individual schema therapy format for borderline personality disorder.

BPDGroup therapyIndividual therapyPilot study
ReviewPDF

Dropout in Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders

A review focused on dropout across schema therapy studies, including a weighted mean dropout rate across the studies reviewed.

Downloadable PDFDropoutImplementationPersonality disorders
Randomized trialLink out

Implementing Outpatient Schema Therapy for BPD

A randomized trial evaluating outpatient schema therapy for borderline personality disorder with and without therapist telephone availability outside office hours.

BPDImplementationOutpatient careRandomized trial

Applications and special populations

Research exploring schema therapy and schema-informed approaches beyond classic personality-disorder treatment.

Trial design and preliminary findingsLink out

Schema Therapy in Forensic Settings

Research on schema therapy for forensic patients with personality disorders in a multicenter Dutch trial.

Forensic settingsPersonality disordersClinical research
Randomized clinical trialLink out

Schema Therapy and CBT for Depression

A randomized clinical trial comparing schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy for major depression.

DepressionCBTRandomized trial
ReviewLink out

Schema Therapy in Mood and Anxiety Disorders

A review of how schema theory and schema therapy have been applied to mood and anxiety disorders.

Mood disordersAnxietyReview
Observational studyPDF

Digital Schema Therapy Support for BPD

A study of priovi, an eHealth program based on schema therapy, used alongside individual face-to-face schema therapy for borderline personality disorder.

Downloadable PDFeHealthBPDDigital tools
Downloads

Open-access PDFs

Confirmed open-access papers hosted locally. Other entries link out to publisher pages or PubMed records.

ReviewPDF

Dropout in Schema Therapy for Personality Disorders

A review focused on dropout across schema therapy studies, including a weighted mean dropout rate across the studies reviewed.

Downloadable PDFDropoutImplementationPersonality disorders
Observational studyPDF

Digital Schema Therapy Support for BPD

A study of priovi, an eHealth program based on schema therapy, used alongside individual face-to-face schema therapy for borderline personality disorder.

Downloadable PDFeHealthBPDDigital tools